Determinants of dysphagia after stroke: the role of brain injury location
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Abstract
Introduction: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is one of the leading causes of death in Brazil and, with the increase in life expectancy of the Brazilian population, sequelae are expected to increase.
Objective: To evaluate the association between brain regions of patients diagnosed with stroke in the chronic phase and the presence of dysphagia.
Method: Clinical, cross-sectional, qualitative and quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study with data collection from 25 medical records, in which variables of association between stroke and dysphagia were analyzed, including cause of stroke, diagnosis of dysphagia by videonasofibroscopy of swallowing, compromised brain region and cerebral circulation evaluated by the Swallowing ScaleBamford/ Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project.
Results: Thirteen (52%) patients were men between 61 and 80 years old. Regarding the type of stroke, 20 (80%) were ischemic. Dysphagia remained in seven (28%) in the chronic phase of stroke. There was a predominance of brainstem/ cerebellum lesions and concomitant dysphagia in 57.1% of these patients, and even more frequent ischemia with posterior circulation involvement in 42.9%, but without a statistically significant association.
Conclusion: Patients affected by stroke, in the chronic phase, have a high percentage of dysphagia (28%) in outpatient follow-up.
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