Endocarditis in brazil: What do two decades of mortality reveal?
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Abstract
Introduction: Infective endocarditis is a serious condition caused by infection of the endocardium, prosthetic valves or cardiac devices. Its incidence has increased worldwide, currently being 1.5-11.6 cases per 100,000 people and inhospital mortality rates ranging from 17,5-30%.
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile, temporal trends, and spatial distribution of mortality from acute and subacute endocarditis in Brazil between 2001 and 2021, identifying patterns and priority areas for intervention.
Method: Epidemiological study with temporal and spatial analysis, using death data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS) and population data from the IBGE to calculate crude and standardized rates.
Results: Between 2001 and 2021, 15,448 deaths from acute and subacute endocarditis were recorded in Brazil, with an approximate increase of 3% in mortality over the period. The highest frequency was observed in individuals aged 60–69 years (21,22%), males (61,20%), white (61,67%), with low schooling (4–7 years of schooling) and married marital status. Most deaths occurred in a hospital environment (97.24%). The spatial analysis showed a higher concentration of mortality in the South and Southeast regions, with emphasis on specific municipalities. There was significant positive spatial autocorrelation.
Conclusion: Mortality from endocarditis showed a slight increase in the period studied, concentrated in vulnerable population groups and in specific regions of the country, reinforcing the need for regional strategies for prevention, early diagnosis, and adequate management of cardiovascular risk factors.
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