Celiac disease: a hidden cause of infertility and pregnancy complications?
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Abstract
Introduction: Celiac disease is a chronic and autoimmune enteropathy that manifests itself in individuals who are genetically susceptible to the action of environmental factors, in which the main one is gluten. In addition to symptoms such as chronic diarrhea and abdominal pain, the disease is also associated with extraintestinal symptoms, such as infertility and gestational impacts.
Objectives: To synthesize the main aspects of celiac disease and its implications for female fertility and the gestational period.
Method: Review made with material and analysis selected from searches on the virtual platforms SciELO, Google Scholar and PubMed, through the descriptors: "celiac disease", "gestational period" and "infertility" and their correspondents in English and Spanish, and in the book Treaty of Gastroenterology from Undergraduate to Graduate Studies (2nd edition).
Results: A total of 24 articles were included.
Conclusion: Celiac disease has a significant impact on fertility and pregnancy; however, the effects can be reduced or even eradicated with the implementation of a gluten-free diet. However, the greatest challenge persists in the identification and diagnosis of celiac women who are of childbearing age, due to the lack of clinical specificity, genetic variability, and the extent of environmental factors that impact the disease.
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