Impact of bariatric surgery on lipid and glycemic profile in obese patients: historical cohort

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is currently a public health problem and its main marker is the body mass index (BMI). There is consistent evidence that surgical treatment has more favorable results in terms of weight loss and reduction of comorbidities compared to behavioral interventions, especially in cases of severe obesity. Objectives: To evaluate the impacts of bariatric surgery on anthropometric, metabolic and biochemical parameters in patients with obesity. Methods: Retrospective cohort with a non-probabilistic sampling for convenience of the outcomes of obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery based on the analysis of data from preoperative and postoperative medical records. Results: A total of 75 patients were analyzed, of which 69 (92%) are white, female (88%) with a median age of 39 years. Of this total, 77.3% had some comorbidity, the most prevalent being hypertension in 44% and dyslipidemia in 22.7%. A significant difference was found between the weight preoperative, 3 months postoperative and 6 months postoperative. Both total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride count had a significant decrease in the postoperative period. The same occurred with fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and insulin. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery proved to be effective in reducing anthropometric and metabolic parameters, thus reducing the expression of comorbidities that accompanied patients undergoing this procedure.