Qual é o impacto do bypass gástrico em Y-de-Roux na síndrome metabólica?
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Resumo
Introdução: O excesso geral de gordura frequentemente definido pelo índice de massa corporal há muito é reconhecido como fator de risco para doenças relacionadas ao metabolismo, cardiovasculares, diabete melito tipo 2 e à osteoporose. Também afeta distúrbios não metabólicos, como doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica, dentre outros. No entanto, várias observações ressaltam que, mais do que o próprio excesso de gordura, a distribuição da gordura desempenha papel importante nessas associações. Por outro lado, a adiposidade periférica, caracterizada por grandes circunferências de quadril e coxas, também tem sido associada ao perfil metabólico.
Objetivo: Revisar a literatura quanto ao impacto que o bypass gástrico em Y-de-Roux tem na síndrome metabólica em médio prazo.
Método: Trata-se de revisão narrativa da literatura que utilizou artigos de revisão, originais e relatos de casos no período de 2009 a 2024, nos idiomas português e inglês. Na busca foram consultadas as bases de dados Scielo, PubMed, Google Acadêmico e Capes Periódicos por meio da aplicação dos seguintes descritores: obesidade, síndrome metabólica, diabete melito tipo 2, anastomose em-Y de Roux em português e inglês. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos relacionados à síndrome metabólica, com foco no pré-operatório, pós-operatório de 1 a 6 meses, e pós-operatório de 1 a 2 anos.
Resultado: Foram incluídos 31 artigos.
Conclusão: Houve melhora com a aplicação do bypass gástrico em Y-de-Roux na síndrome metabólica, na relação cintura/estatura, e nos indicadores do perfil de risco cardiometabólico do paciente.
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